Why not use Fibre Channel switches in small storage environments

June 09, 2020

When expanding the scope of application of the solution, there is nothing more frustrating than just considering the installation costs of servers and storage devices and ignoring the cost of switching technology. I personally insist on this point of view, and is now in a transition period. In some cases, the effect of using Fibre Channel must be better than 10 Gigabit Ethernet. For small projects, you can skip Fibre Channel switches and connect servers directly to storage devices. This model can even support a cluster configuration of two, three, or more server nodes.

During the light load virtualization process, administrators may have the opportunity to merge some servers into VMware or Hyper-V clusters. For virtual servers, the most critical design pattern is to achieve storage sharing; however, for small server clusters, the use of Fibre Channel switching equipment is obviously a waste of investment. In the case of a small server cluster here, I mean a server cluster consisting of two or three VMware or Hyper-V hosts. From a holistic point of view, for a small server cluster with 10 to 80 virtual machines, this may be the most acceptable virtualization design solution. A typical configuration is shown in Figure A below:


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This is a relatively simple storage environment, and for small storage environments, switch components are not a necessary part. Considering that in smaller virtualization implementations, only Hyper-V or ESXi host storage is used for users, so the switch component can be removed. Considering that the price of Fibre Channel switches is generally more than 30,000 US dollars, the biggest benefit of doing so is to reduce costs. The simplified configuration is shown in Figure B:


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For such a design, we also need to pay attention to these issues. First, because the number of ports is limited, it is important to achieve full and effective utilization. Most storage processors in a modular storage environment allow four or more Fibre Channel ports to provide connectivity. Considering that a dual-controller system without switches has two Fibre Channel ports, two servers can be directly connected to one controller. In this case, each controller can still be connected to the server via dual paths. In addition, because the storage processor can provide additional Fibre Channel ports, three, four, or more servers can be directly connected through the storage processor without a switch.

The problem with this model is scalability. If there are users from other types of storage devices, you may need to add a switch. The storage device here may be a tape drive, other host or other storage processor.

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