Implementation of a new type of data acquisition and monitoring system
According to the three application architectures of the Internet of Things and the architecture of the data collection and monitoring system, a new type of data collection and monitoring system is designed. Compared with the traditional implementation scheme, this system has obvious advantages in communication networking. 1 Introduction The Internet of Things (The Internet of Things), that is, through information sensing equipment such as radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners, etc., according to the agreed protocol, connect any item to the Internet for information exchange and communication to achieve A type of network that intelligently recognizes, locates, tracks, monitors, and manages. In layman's terms, it is a network that can realize "aware world". The data acquisition and monitoring system, SCADA (SupervisoryControlAndDataAcquisiTIon) system, is a computer-based production process control and scheduling automation system. It can monitor and control the on-site operating equipment to achieve various functions such as data collection, equipment control, measurement, parameter adjustment, and various signal alarms, that is, to realize "perception" in specific application areas. With the development of network and communication technology, the Internet of Things technology will definitely promote the transformation and upgrade of the SCADA system architecture, making the application field of the SCADA system more and more extensive, in addition to traditional water supply, gas supply, environmental protection, energy, rail transit , Airports, railways, electric power, petroleum, petrochemical and other industries, they will also be widely used in the daily work and life of the public and various other fields. Eventually, SCADA, the vertical specific application system of the Internet of Things, will truly develop into a "perceived world" "Wisdom Network. 2 Three application architectures of the Internet of Things The Internet of Things fully applies the new generation of IT technology to all walks of life, connecting the physical world with the information world. There are three architectures for IoT applications: (1) RFID-based IoT application architecture Electronic tags may be the most flexible of the three types of technology systems that can change "things" into smart objects. Its main application is to tag mobile and non-mobile assets to achieve various Track and manage. (2) The IoT application architecture based on sensor networks mainly refers to wireless sensor networks (WSN, WirelessSensorNetworks). WSN consists of a group of "autonomous" wireless sensors distributed in free space, working together to complete a specific surrounding environment. Status, including monitoring of temperature, humidity, chemical composition, pressure, sound, displacement, vibration, contaminated particles, etc. A node (or Mote) in WSN is generally composed of a wireless transceiver, a microcontroller and a Power Supply. WSN is generally an autonomous reconfiguration (Ad-Hoc or Self-Configuring) network, including wireless mesh networks (MeshNetworks) and mobile self-reconfiguration networks (MANET), etc. (3) M2M-based IoT application architecture The industry-recognized M2M concept and technical architecture should cover the widest range, including both wired and wireless communication methods. M2M covers and expands the traditional SCADA system in industrial informatization (integration of two technologies). 3 New SCADA system design 3.1 Traditional SCADA system The general SCADA system consists of a monitoring center, a communication network, and a remote data collection terminal. The monitoring center is the data processing and display system, also known as the host machine HMI (Human Machine Interface). The human-machine interface system is composed of software and hardware. The hardware mainly includes the server, administrator station and operator station. . The communication network of SCADA system can be roughly divided into two categories: Wired and wireless. The remote data acquisition terminal, that is, various intelligent data acquisition equipment, also known as the lower computer, such as various RTU, PLC and various intelligent control equipment. The network topology of the SCADA system is shown in Figure 1: The SCADA system has evolved from the original host control system and distributed control system to today's networked control system. SCADA has also evolved from a closed system of proprietary protocols to an open system with Ethernet and TCP / IP protocols as the mainstream. 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