Depletion of IP addresses: domestic operators can last up to six years

The fact that IPv4 addresses are about to be exhausted has attracted the attention of various parties. The information obtained by Sina Technology shows that although it is expected that the international IPv4 addresses will be allocated next month, the IPv4 addresses held by domestic operators and others can last up to 5-6 years. The development of IPv6 in China is still at an early stage.

It is reported that in the case of lack of IP addresses, operators will be forced to use the address conversion method generally, which may result in inefficient operation and poor stability of the national information network infrastructure, which cannot be effectively managed. And this may also cause problems such as the increase of users' Internet access costs and limited access to existing Internet resources and services.

Relevant experts pointed out that users generally use private addresses or dynamic addresses for communication, which will affect the full use of network services such as video on demand and Internet telephony to a certain extent. In addition, private and dynamic IP addresses are easy to cause security problems, and also bring considerable management difficulties to purify the network environment.

Detailed answers to questions such as IPv4 exhaustion and IPv6 deployment are listed below. The relevant information is mainly provided by institutions and enterprises such as the China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) and Wanwang.

Interpretation of IP address exhaustion:

Question: When are IPv4 addresses exhausted?

Answer: The country can last up to six years.

According to data from CNNIC, as of January 24, 2011, the remaining 7 A IPv4 addresses (117 million) in the IANA (Internet Digital Distribution Agency) address pool are expected to be allocated in February this year. As of the end of December 2010, the number of IPv4 addresses held in China was 277 million.

China's IPv4 addresses are mainly obtained through several major network operators and China Internet Network Information Center. Among the IPv4 addresses owned by China, operators still have some IPv4 available. Depending on the operator's network and business, some operators' addresses can support the next 5-6 years, while others can only support 1 -2 years.

Question: What is the impact of IPv4 exhaustion on the industry?

Answer: As a result, the network infrastructure has low operating efficiency and poor stability, and cannot be effectively managed

The exhaustion of IPv4 address resources has a great impact on the development of China's Internet. Now China's Internet is developing explosively, and Chinese netizens are growing rapidly. The lack of IPv4 addresses will severely restrict the popularity of the Internet in China and the development of new services and applications. , As well as affecting the security and stability of China ’s network infrastructure.

As IPv4 addresses are about to be exhausted, the development of new services, new applications and large-scale deployment of the network will be restricted. For example, the number of Internet users who are online at the same time is limited, and Internet users will not be able to fully use Internet services based on public IP addresses. In addition, the shortage of IP address resources and the accelerated competition of countries form a vicious circle, which eventually becomes a bottleneck in the scale of the industry.

For the entire country's informatization infrastructure, the lack of IPv4 addresses and the forced use of address translation methods may result in inefficient operation and poor stability of the country's informatization network infrastructure, which cannot be effectively managed.

Question: How does IPv4 exhaustion affect users?

Answer: It affects the full use of services such as video on demand and Internet telephony.

For users, the exhaustion of IPv4 address resources may involve an increase in Internet access costs, because operators will take some countermeasures, and this time will bring some costs to increase the cost of Internet access for users. For new users, if they can not get IPv4 addresses, then access to existing Internet resources and services will be greatly restricted.

Secondly, from the perspective of network infrastructure performance and stability, the lack of IP addresses may force people to generally use private addresses or dynamic addresses for communication. Address translation devices are prone to form single points of failure and performance bottlenecks in the network, resulting in national network infrastructure Inefficient operation and poor stability; in addition, private addresses are not legal addresses and cannot appear in public networks, and netizens will not be able to make full use of some end-to-end Internet services such as video on demand and VoIP.

In short, for ordinary Chinese netizens, if the operator cannot develop new users without an IP address to allocate, it will affect the normal online browsing of netizens, and the scale of network applications will also be greatly restricted.

Question: What are the deficiencies of dynamic IP addresses?

Answer: Most of the network information security problems are exploited by address hiding and cannot be traced effectively.

From the perspective of information security, private and dynamic IP addresses are likely to cause security problems, such as network spam, network intrusion / attack (including Trojan horses), network spoofing, website fraud, malicious publishing of false information, and other network information security issues are mostly drilled. Vacancy that cannot be tracked down effectively because of address hiding has caused huge losses to society and also brought considerable management difficulties to the purification of the network environment.

In the face of DDoS (distributed denial of service attack) attacks, shared IP may be involved and hurt by many innocent users because of the attack or the IP is blocked; also because AnTISpam (anti-spam) Mail) The organization shields the IP so that other users cannot use this IP service normally.

The user's application cannot be directly accessed or debugged by IP, and the ease of use and flexibility are poor. And this method is not conducive to SEO. Non-independent IPs are generally not friendly to search engines. Too many domain names sharing an IP may cause the right to be demoted, which is not conducive to the natural ranking of the website.

Question: What are the advantages of IPv6?

Answer: There are many addresses and it is safer.

IPv6 address resources are 8 & TImes; 1028 times that of IPv4, allowing computers, peripherals, household appliances, communication tools, etc. to have independent IP addresses, which will make the Internet truly a link for resource connection and configuration, and can also be used as the Internet of Things The basis of realization.

Another advantage of the IPv6 protocol is its security. The IPv6 packet header is fixed at 8 necessary fields, which eliminates the possibility of performing a DDOS attack by copying the source address from a technical level. This is the most essential solution for DDOS attacks.

Question: What progress has been made in the transition to IPv6?

Answer: The industrial chain is imperfect and still in the formative stage.

As of the end of December 2010, the number of IPv6 addresses in China was 401 blocks / 32 (2 to the 96th power), accounting for 0.29% of the total amount of IPv6 allocated globally. Compared with IPv4 networks, the development of IPv6 networks in China is still at an early stage, and has not yet entered the stage of widespread deployment and implementation

At present, China's strategy for transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is still facing several challenges: First, the IPv6 industry chain is not perfect and is still in the formative stage of industrial development; on the deployment of IPv6 networks, China's network operators have basically completed the process of backbone network IPv6 transformation, The network equipment on the backbone network basically supports IPv4 / IPv6 dual stack.

However, the development of IPv6 networks in China is concentrated on the backbone network, and the extension to metropolitan area networks and edge networks is insufficient. It is difficult to provide an effective platform for the development of IPv6 special services and large-scale commercial use, and there are relatively few IPv6 terminals. Due to the large number of private addresses used by operating companies, it is not active for the development of IPv6 users, which directly affects the IPv6 investment in other industrial links; no unified national address management and allocation mechanism has been formed.

In addition, technically, the interconnection of IPv4 and IPv6 is a big problem. The current Internet applications are still on the IPv4 network. If the problem of interconnection and interconnection of IPv4 and IPv6 cannot be solved well, IPv6 will become an island and no substance can be obtained. Large-scale promotion.

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