Loudspeaker protector circuit diagram
The circuit is composed of R1, R4, R5, C2, D3, Q4, Q5 and relay K. Q4 and Q5 form a Darlington amplifier, and the relay is connected to the collector of Q5 as a load. The voltage divider composed of R4 and R1 at startup The device charges R5 and C2. When the potential of C2 is greater than 2 * VBE, Q4 and Q5 are turned on. The relay is sucked. R5 and C2 determine the time to turn on. Someone asked, why is D3 used? D3 is turned off , Used to protect Q5. The relay is a small inductance. When Vcc is taken away, due to Lenz's law, a back electromotive force Vq = L * di / dt is generated. Due to the relationship of the current change rate, the collector potential of Q5 increases greatly , Is often greater than BVceo to burn Q5. D3 is added to clamp Q5 collector potential
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DC detection
The circuit consists of D2, Q2, R8, Q1, Q6, R2, C3, R7. R7, C3 is a bidirectional DC filter. Because it is to detect DC, the input signal only needs to be in a positive half wave or negative half A sufficient voltage on the wave causes Q6 to turn on (positive half-wave) or Q1 to turn on (negative half-wave), which will cause the base potential of Q2 to enter the ground so that C2 is quickly discharged and the relay jumps. The value of R7, C3, Determine the minimum DC operating range and the tolerance of extremely low frequency music. C3 is NP non-polarized capacitor.
High frequency detection
The circuit consists of C1, R3, D1, C4, R6, and Q3. C1 and R3 are high-pass filters. It determines the high-frequency operating range. The passed signal is rectified by D1 and then stored in C4. If the potential is high enough, Q3 conducts Pass, the relay jumps. 