China Aviation 3D Printing enters the first group and is part of the world's leading technology

August 07, 2020

Recently, a "Gale" fighter with parts produced by 3D printing technology completed the test flight, which was regarded by the British media as a landmark event in the large-scale use of 3D printing technology in the aviation manufacturing field. In fact, the current 3D printing technology has been widely used in many countries and a variety of aircraft. China Aviation Industry has entered the world's first group in some of the application areas of 3D printing. However, experts believe that 3D printing technology is not a panacea, 3D printing can not completely replace the traditional processing industry in a short time.

Print version of "Gale" fighter plane first flight

The British "Daily Telegraph" website reported on the 5th that the British defense giant BAE Systems "has recently joined the ranks of companies that use 3D printing technology to help build fighter parts." The company said that the "Gale" fighters that used parts made with 3D printing technology had successfully tested the test last month. This paved the way for the widespread use of 3D printing technology in the manufacture of fighter aircraft. The report said that the flight was significant because it was considered the first flight of a combat aircraft made with similar components. According to reports, these components include the cockpit radio fairing and the partial structure of the landing gear and the air intake brackets, all of which are produced at a facility at the Royal Air Force Base, which will save hundreds of thousands of pounds in maintenance and repair costs per year.

The use of 3D printing technology in the aerospace industry has become the trend of aerospace agencies around the world. According to the Daily Telegraph, Luo Luo said last year that it plans to use 3D printing technology to produce parts of some jet engines, while NASA recently tested rocket engine components developed using 3D printing technology.

Through the entire process of aircraft development

According to reports, 3D printing technology was originally developed in the 1980s and has been widely used commercially since 2010. At present, 3D printing technology has been effectively applied in the whole process of design, manufacture and maintenance of aircraft. In the development stage, 3D printing technology can be used to manufacture its scale model; in the manufacturing stage, 3D printing technology can be used to manufacture and manufacture key parts; in the maintenance process, the defect can be repaired with the same material by 3D printing technology. The complete shape, the performance of the repaired parts is not affected, saving time and money.

Current 3D printing technologies are generally classified into four categories, including solidification forming technology, laminated solid manufacturing technology, fused deposition modeling technology, and laser sintering technology. The cutting-edge 3D printing technology in the field of aerospace manufacturing is a high-performance metal component laser forming technology. This technology uses alloy powder as a raw material, and it is stacked by laser melting to form high-performance large-scale complex components in one step. This has the advantage of being able to produce complex structural parts that are difficult to obtain using conventional casting and machining methods with little or no material wastage. For example, in the US F-22 aircraft, the largest size titanium alloy integral reinforcement frame requires a blank die forging of 2,796 kg, while the actual molded part weighs less than 144 kg, causing a large loss of raw materials.

In addition, the manufacturing equipment required for 3D printing technology is relatively simple. Conventional methods usually require large-scale forging blank processing and large forging die manufacturing, and heavy-duty hydraulic forging equipment of over 10,000 tons. The manufacturing process is complicated and the production cycle is long. In the process of casting blank die forgings, a large amount of energy is consumed and the power is reduced. The efficiency of manufacturing. Laser 3D printing technology can overcome the above shortcomings. The construction of parts in aerospace equipment is becoming more and more complex, and the mechanical properties are becoming more and more demanding, which is difficult to manufacture through conventional processes. And 3D printing can meet these needs.

China's 3D printing technology enters the first group

China's aviation industry has been at the forefront of 3D printing technology. Several models of aircraft use 3D printing components, and some technologies have reached the world's leading level.

According to AVIC's data, since 2001, China has begun to focus on the development of laser 3D printing technology based on titanium alloy structural parts laser rapid prototyping technology. Sun Cong, chief designer of China's first carrier-based aircraft, -15, had previously revealed in the media that the 3D printing technology of titanium alloy and M100 steel has been widely used in the trial design process of new machines. Among the models that made their first flight from October to November 2012, 3D printing technology was widely used to manufacture the main bearing parts of titanium alloy, including the entire front landing gear. At present, China has become the second country in the world to master the laser rapid prototyping and technology of aircraft titanium alloy structural parts after the United States.

In addition, a team consisting of units such as Beihang has produced the world's largest aircraft titanium alloy large-scale structural parts laser rapid prototyping engineering complete sets of equipment. The team used laser rapid prototyping technology to manufacture the main windshield window frame of China's self-developed large passenger aircraft C919. In addition, the “laser stereo forming” 3D printing technology developed by the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Technology of Northwestern Polytechnical University has been used in the manufacture of the domestic large aircraft C919. China uses laser printing to directly manufacture the central wing ribs of the C919. The weight of traditional forgings is 1607 kg, while the weight of the blanks made by laser forming technology is only 136 kg, saving 91.5% of the material. After testing, its performance ratio Traditional forgings are even better.

However, some experts believe that 3D printing technology can not completely replace the traditional processing industry in a short time. In terms of laser 3D printing technology, it is more suitable for high-performance expensive parts, and other means can not be made.

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